Associated petroleum gas

Due to tightening environmental regulations on the flaring of associated gas (APG) in the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and other CIS countries, recycling of gas from power generation is not only economically sound, but in fact no alternative. Due to the burning of by-product can be cut oil production needs of the enterprise and the surrounding infrastructure in the electricity and heat and significantly improve the environment.
Alternative purification PNG to supply it to the construction of gas pipelines requires capital-intensive purification systems and gas pipelines extended to the end user. In addition, the energy consumption for cleaning and pumping of gas through make this option acceptable only when a relatively short distance to the end user.

Indicative of the APG:
 

The regulatory framework on the use of associated gas
 The main document governing the use of associated gas are departmental instructions and procedures to the content of design documents for various stages of field development, in which there are no clear and specific requirements, requiring subsoil users to conduct technology and feasibility studies to ensure a comprehensive development of the fields.
In the documents governing the accounting of associated gas production, there are no mandatory requirements for the commercial units of measurement tools.
 In accordance with the Internal Revenue Code of the Russian Federation passing gas only minerals to which a zero rate of tax on extraction of minerals (MET). It should be noted, with the introduction of zero rate of severance tax on associated gas has increased dramatically the volume of its combustion in flares (from 7 2 billion cubic meters. m in 2001 to 11.2 billion cu m. in 2002).
Price of associated gas is determined by the total number in it propane, butane, isobutane, pentane, isopentane, hexane. And ranges from 73 cubic rub./1000. meters to 442 cubic rub./1000. m, and is in Russia on average 256 cubic rub./1000. m In this case, do not count the cost of production, collection, storage and transportation of gas. At the present time, due to the monopoly OAO "Gazprom" to own United transmission system, which has a high load on the transportation of natural gas, oil companies access is very limited, which together with low prices for associated gas does not encourage oil companies to use the associated gas.
As requested by the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin provided by 2011 to reach the level of associated (petroleum), gas is not less than 85% of the volume of recoverable resources, and by 2015 - not less than 95%.
Source: AE Savinov
Head of the Department of Energy of the Ministry of Industry and Energy
The use of associated gas in internal combustion engines.
Direct burning of unprepared associated gas in internal combustion engines is limited primarily by the content of hydrocarbons with low methane numbers, leading to detonation and to reduce this effect requires a reduction in engine power. Another limiting factor is the content of associated petroleum gas (APG) aggressive sulfur-containing components (hydrogen sulfide, etc.), the effect of which leads to corrosion of engine parts in contact and rapid oxidation.
The complex on the use of associated gas to produce electricity and heat should include the following equipment:
A. Installation of gas treatment (modular design in a special container for electric plants capacity up to 2 MW each one, or a stationary power plant for the entire object).
Two. Gas-piston power plant in a special container with a heat sound insulation.
Three. Heat recovery unit and the engine exhaust gases in a separate container or container plant.
4. Terminal for liquid fraction called broad fraction of light hydrocarbons (NGL).

Calculation and design of UPG performed for each specific gas composition. Depending on the complexity of the composition, we use the membrane, adsorption or condensation treatment of associated petroleum gas (APG).

The company "Teplosoyuz Ukraine" has experience in the use of associated gas as a fuel for gas turbine engines and gazodizelnyh. Employees in 1991-1998. was translated about 60 diesel generators with a capacity of 500 kW each on gazodizelny process. The works cited in the offshore oil platforms, offshore South China Sea (the Republic of Vietnam), under the auspices of the Institute of Gas of NASU. In 1997-1998. the State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic. (SOCAR) has been supplied and installed 20 power plants gazodizelnyh 100, 200 kW, and gas treatment plants 8. Equipment operated on offshore oil platforms of the Caspian Sea. Platform of the Black Sea (the company "Chernomorneftegaz") in the same plants are equipped with 100 and 200 kW of our production of natural gas (gas composition similar to that of the associated petroleum gas). The company "Teplosoyuz Ukraine" can deliver the full range of equipment for utilization of associated gas, and can also convert diesel power plants have operated at gazodizelny process, without losing their power. All the equipment is running as a console to the engine. The service life of engines after the conversion can be increased by 10-30%.

Dehydration of water if necessary, may be executed in the alternately regenerated adsorbers filled with silica gel or zeolites.
Selection and optimum layout of these circuits can reduce energy costs by installing their own needs by 40-50% compared to the traditionally used low-temperature separation schemes with associated petroleum gas (APG).
Generator and installation of gas treatment, depending on the capacity and needs of the customer are carried out in the open or container (block) design. Dimensions of equipment can place it on a trailer and used as a mobile reserve or DC power source.
         
1) The State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic. The shelf of the Caspian Sea ..
Gazodizelnye power. Number of stations -20 pc. Power 100, 200 kW e. The stations are used as the primary source of electricity. Fuel - associated gas, after purification in gas treatment plants. Use a CPF for 4 plants. The gas pressure at the entrance to the CPF - to 8MPa.
 

 
Installation of gas treatment (UPG) to 150 m3/hr flow rate, inlet pressure 1.2 MPa.

2) The Republic of Vietnam. Shelf of the South China Sea
Alterations to run on gas about 60 diesel generators with a capacity of 500 kW. Power plants are used as the main source of electricity on offshore oil platforms. Fuel - associated petroleum gas (APG). Installing the gas treatment capacity of 1,000 m3 of SMEs purified gas.